🔍 Tìm kiếm từ vựng
parapet
Noun
lan can, tường chắn
a low protective wall or railing built along the edge of a roof, balcony, bridge, or other elevated structure to prevent people from falling
"The modern office building had a sleek glass parapet, adding a contemporary touch to its architectural design ."
pergola
Noun
giàn hoa, mái vòm
an outdoor structure with a framework of vertical posts and cross-beams, often covered with climbing plants for shade
"At the wedding venue , a floral-decked pergola served as a picturesque backdrop for exchanging vows amidst the beauty of nature ."
veranda
Noun
hiên, hành lang
a roofed area with an open front at the ground level, which is attached to the side of a house
"The farmhouse had a rustic veranda with a porch swing , providing a serene setting for watching the sunset ."
alcove
Noun
hốc tường, góc nhỏ
a recessed part of a wall that is built further back from the rest of it
"The art gallery had a special alcove dedicated to showcasing sculptures , illuminated by soft overhead lighting ."
tympanum
Noun
tấm điêu khắc hình bán nguyệt, tấm điêu khắc hình tam giác
the semi-circular or triangular space enclosed by the lintel and arch above a doorway, often decorated with sculptural reliefs or intricate designs
"The medieval castle 's great hall featured a tympanum above the entrance , adorned with the coat of arms of the ruling family , signaling their authority and power ."
spandrel
Noun
spandrel, ô tam giác
the triangular or curved space between an arch and the surrounding vertical supports, typically filled with decorative elements or panels
"The Art Deco apartment building had decorative metalwork adorning the spandrels of its balconies , adding a touch of glamour to the facade ."
quatrefoil
Noun
họa tiết bốn lá, thiết kế bốn cánh
a decorative element or motif consisting of four overlapping circles or lobes that form a symmetrical shape resembling a four-leaf clover
"The Islamic mosque had a quatrefoil-shaped dome, representing the four corners of the earth and the unity of all creation."
entablature
Noun
đầu cột, phần trang trí trên cột
the horizontal, decorative element that rests on top of columns or pillars in architecture
"The Federal-style house had a simple yet elegant entablature, consisting of a plain frieze and a projecting cornice , reflecting the architectural tastes of the period ."
gargoyle
Noun
tượng gargoyle, hình thù kỳ dị
stone figures that resemble a hideous creature and that are attached to the top of some old buildings, particularly old churches, for carrying rain water off the roof
"The Victorian mansion had a roofline punctuated by fanciful gargoyles, each one a unique creation of the era 's eclectic architectural style ."
abacus
Noun
bàn tính, tấm đá phẳng
a flat, stone block that sits on top of a column, used to support the parts above it such as a roof
"The abacus serves as a transition element between the column and the entablature , providing structural support while also adding visual interest to the overall composition ."
rib vault
Noun
vòm có gân, vòm gân
an architectural feature that consists of a series of arched ribs or arches that intersect to form a structural framework supporting a vaulted ceiling
"The Art Nouveau train station boasted a soaring concourse with a glass and steel rib vault, flooding the space with natural light ."
loggia
Noun
loggia, phòng trưng bày mở
a room or gallery that is open in one or more sides, particularly one that is attached to a house and faces a garden on one side
"The Roman villa was renowned for its mosaic floors and frescoed walls , with a covered loggia providing a cool respite from the summer heat ."
palimpsest
Noun
bản viết lại, bản thảo được viết lại
a manuscript that was written on, erased, and written on again and again, while the previous text was still partially visible
"The parchment manuscript was a palimpsest, with faded ink and faint traces of erased writing, making it a challenging puzzle for historians and researchers to decipher."
page
Noun
người hầu kỵ sĩ, tiểu đồng
(in medieval times) a young boy serving as an attendant to a knight, beginning training for knighthood
"A page was expected to serve loyally and observe the knight 's conduct ."
galley
Noun
thuyền galley, tàu chèo
a large medieval Mediterranean vessel, typically with a single deck, propelled by sails and oars, armed at bow and stern, and manned by up to 1,000 men, used for war and trade
"The commander inspected the galley before the naval campaign ."
genealogy
Noun
gia phả
the lineage or ancestry of a person, tracing their familial relationships and connections through multiple generations
"The genealogy chart displayed our family 's lineage dating back several centuries ."
antiquity
Noun
thời cổ đại, thời kỳ cổ xưa
the historical period before the Middle Ages, especially before the sixth century when Greeks and Romans were the most prosperous
"The decline of the Roman Empire marked the end of antiquity and the beginning of the Middle Ages , as Europe entered a period of political fragmentation and cultural change ."
crusade
Noun
cuộc thập tự chinh
a medieval military expedition by European Christians to reclaim or defend Christian territories in the Holy Land
"The Crusades had significant historical and cultural impacts on the relationships between the Christian West and the Muslim East."
decolonization
Noun
giải phóng thuộc địa, quá trình giải phóng thuộc địa
the process by which colonies or territories gain independence from colonial rule
"Latin American nations achieved decolonisation through a series of independence movements in the 19th century."
barbarian
Noun
man rợ, dã man
a person belonging to a people or group regarded as uncivilized, foreign, or outside the dominant culture
"Tribes once labeled as barbarians developed their own rich cultures ."
tsar
Noun
sa hoàng, tsar
the king or emperor of Russia prior to 1917
"The term "tsar" is derived from the Latin word " Caesar " and is equivalent to the title of " emperor " in other European monarchies ."
the Commonwealth
Noun
Khối thịnh vượng chung, Cộng hòa
the political structure during a period in the history of the UK between 1649 and 1660, called the interregnum, during which the country was ruled without a king or queen
"The Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting (CHOGM) is held every two years, providing leaders of member states with the opportunity to discuss and address issues of common concern."
iconoclast
Noun
người bài trừ tượng thần, kẻ phá bỏ tín ngưỡng
a person who challenges or rejects established beliefs, customs, or values, often with the intent to provoke change or expose flaws
"The film 's director was hailed as an iconoclast for breaking genre rules ."
iconoclasm
Noun
sự phá hủy tượng thánh, sự từ chối hoặc phá hủy hình ảnh tôn giáo
the rejection or destruction of religious images as heretical
"The punk movement of the late 1970s and early 1980s embraced a form of cultural iconoclasm, rejecting mainstream norms and values through music , fashion , and lifestyle ."
ethnography
Noun
dân tộc học, nghiên cứu dân tộc học
the in-depth study of people and cultures through direct observation and interaction
"Ethnography of an urban neighborhood revealed insights into the daily lives and social dynamics of its diverse residents."
mannerism
Noun
chủ nghĩa kiểu cách, đặc điểm riêng
a distinctive style, behavior, or way of doing things that is characteristic of a particular individual, group, or period
"In his speeches , the politician displayed a mannerism of emphasizing key points with a distinctive hand gesture ."
conventionality
Noun
tính quy ước, chủ nghĩa tuân thủ
conformity with accepted ideas, practices, or standards of thought and behavior
"The policy reflected the conventionality of bureaucratic thinking ."
pageantry
Noun
sự phô trương, lễ hội hoành tráng
the elaborate display or ceremonial spectacle associated with public events, celebrations, or formal occasions
"Cultural festivals around the world feature vibrant pageantry, with colorful costumes , traditional dances , and cultural displays ."
multiculturalism
Noun
đa văn hóa
the belief that cultural diversity within a society should be respected
"Multiculturalism is an ongoing process that requires active engagement and dialogue among individuals and communities to build a more inclusive and harmonious society ."
endogamy
Noun
nội hôn, hôn nhân trong cùng một nhóm
the practice of marrying within one's own social, ethnic, or cultural group
"The village elders promote endogamy to ensure the continuity of their customs ."